Investigation of Energy Consumption Characteristics of Electric Passenger Car under High and Low Temperature Conditions

The electric mileage of the electric passenger car decreased obviously under high and low temperature conditions due to the use of air conditioning and battery performance fading. In this paper, test procedure under high and low temperature conditions has been established, and the effects of the vehicle type and battery type on energy consumption characteristics under normal, high temperature and low temperature conditions have been investigated based on the results of 18 electric passenger cars. Results showed that a linear relationship between curb weight and energy consumption rate was obtained under all the test conditions, the average energy consumption rate increased 19.82% and 67.3% under high and low temperature conditions, respectively. The differences of the energy consumption characteristics according to the vehicle type was mainly caused by the air conditioning, while the differences according to the battery type was due to the batteries’ low temperature performance including the aspects of discharging voltage, resistance and charging/discharging capacity.